The short version
The function of white blood cells (also called leukocytes) is to defend the body against infection. There are 2 main types of white blood cells formed in the bone marrow: phagocytes and lymphocytes.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes (from the Greek word meaning “to eat”) are cells in the bloodstream and tissues that surround and consume foreign particles, cell waste material, and bacteria. Their main function is to defend against invading microorganisms by engulfing and destroying them. There are 2 types of phagocytes: granulocytes and mononuclear phagocytes.
Granulocytes protect against bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Some types of granulocytes are involved in allergic reactions. Neutrophils are the most numerous of the white blood cells and are the first line of defense against bacterial invasion. Eosinophils and basophils are involved both in protection against some parasites and in the response to allergy. Mononuclear phagocytes have a single nucleus. They travel from the blood to tissues where they become large cells called macrophages that consume foreign particles and cell debris.
Lymphocytes
Antibody molecules are called immunoglobulins. They fall into several classes, each of which has a different function. For example, one class (IgA) is commonly found in the lungs and intestines; another (IgM) is the first antibody produced in response to newly recognized foreign microorganisms; a third (IgG) is the main antibody in the bloodstream; and a fourth (IgE) is involved in allergic reactions.
Lymphocytes usually act appropriately to rid the body of foreign “invaders” that cause disease. However, sometimes lymphocytes do not react appropriately. One inappropriate response occurs when antibodies are produced against the body’s own cells, such as red blood cells. Another inappropriate response of the immune system is allergy. When antibody-primed cells are exposed to an allergen, the allergic reaction may be mild (hives) or life-threatening (anaphylaxis).
An increase in the number of lymphocytes in the bloodstream occurs in some species as a response to the secretion of epinephrine (a hormone also known as adrenaline). A reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes may be caused by hormones that may also be secreted in times of stress. Unusual lymphocytes may be seen in the blood in response to antigenic stimulation, such as vaccination.
Frequently asked questions
White blood cells dog?
The Merck Veterinary Manual covers this in the article linked on this page. The function of white blood cells (also called leukocytes) is to defend the body against infection. There are 2 main types of white blood cells forme… If your dog is unwell, contact your veterinarian — this page is educational, not a diagnosis.
White blood cells dog urine?
The Merck Veterinary Manual covers this in the article linked on this page. The function of white blood cells (also called leukocytes) is to defend the body against infection. There are 2 main types of white blood cells forme… If your dog is unwell, contact your veterinarian — this page is educational, not a diagnosis.
White blood cells dog cytology?
The Merck Veterinary Manual covers this in the article linked on this page. The function of white blood cells (also called leukocytes) is to defend the body against infection. There are 2 main types of white blood cells forme… If your dog is unwell, contact your veterinarian — this page is educational, not a diagnosis.